Detective Alan Pinkerton (1819 - 1884) was placed in charge of the Union Intelligence Service shortly after the the Civil War broke out. It was at this post, early in the war, that he was assigned a task by General George McClellan (1826 - 1885) to proceed south of the Ohio River in order to gain a more thorough understand as to the loyalties of those people. Pinkerton first wrote about this mission in in his memoir, A Spy of the Rebellion.
More about the American Civil War can be read here
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