Fascism's Triumph Explained by Italian-American Journalists (Literary Digest, 1922)At the request of THE LITERARY DIGEST editors, a number of Italian-language journalists working in North America were asked to explain the great success that the Italian Fascists were experiencing in 1922 Italy. This article lists an enormous number of Italian language newspapers that existed in the United States at that time; virtually every medium-sized to large American city had one. We were surprised to find that the most pro-Mussolini Italian-American newspaper operating in the U.S. was located in New York City.
The Fascisti (Current Opinion, 1921)A tight little essay that clarifies the driving force behind Italian fascism. This was an editorial penned by the Presbyterian minister Dr. Frank Crane (1861 – 1928) who appeared regularly in the pages of CURRENT OPINION.
"The Fascisti is a name given to a political party in Italy. Political parties, and indeed almost all organizations, as has often been pointed out, hold together and get their strength by hating something. The Fascisti hate the Bolshevists, Communists and the like."
Benito Mussolini And His Followers (The American Legion Weekly, 1923)A 1923 article about the earliest days of Mussolini and the Italian Black Shirts; their discomfort with neighboring Yugoslavia, their love of the Italian poet Gabriele D'Annunzio (1863 – 1938) and their post-war struggle against the Italian Communists:
"When the Communists virtually ruled over Italy in 1920 and 1921, they set up a detestable tyranny. Railways could not carry troops. Officers were forbidden wear sidearms, and men with war medals were spat on and beaten."
and when Mussolini took power in 1922:
"The Fascisti today take Caesar's legions for their model...'Whatever was Roman before will be Italian' the officers used to remark modestly to their troops.'"
Benito Mussolini Gains Power (The Literary Digest, 1922)A 1922 report from Rome announced that:
"King Victor Emanuel of Italy has invited the leader of Fascisti, Benito Mussolini, to form a cabnet to replace the Facta Ministry".
Mussolini and the Italian Expatriots (Ken Magazine, 1938)
Mussolini and the Four-Power Pact (The Literary Digest, 1933)The brain child of Il Duce, the Four-Power Pact was a diplomatic treaty that was intended to guarantee a greater voice to the four strongest powers in Europe: Italy, Germany, France and Britain.
Even before the signatures had a chance to dry, the skeptical opinions of the world's editorial writers began to appear in all the various assorted newspaper and magazine the world over. The attached page contains some of these opinions, such as this one that was proffered by the Rome correspondent for the Associated Press:
"The chief value of the Mussolini pact is (1) it induces collaboration in Europe and (2) it pledges the disarmament regardless of what the disarmament conference does."
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